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首頁 > 菸害超乎想像>吸菸者的失明危機!>吸菸vs視網膜血管栓塞
轉寄好友 友善列印 │ 字級設定:
吸菸vs視網膜血管栓塞

眼球內部的視網膜是產生視覺的重要部分,而視網膜上千千萬萬的神經細胞,必須依賴視網膜上散佈的血管系統來供給養分以維持正常的運作。

視網膜血管栓塞俗稱為”眼中風”,吸菸時吸入的尼古丁及一氧化碳等有害物質會使血管收縮、血小板凝集力亢進,由此導致視網膜中央血管栓塞的發生。因此若是視網膜上的血管系統發生問題,無法正常供給養分,對視力將有極大的影響。吸菸時人體吸入的氧氣被消耗,致使血中氧的含量下降,使視網膜對缺氧格外敏感,引起視網膜中央動脈阻塞、視網膜出血、加重糖尿病性視網膜病。長期下去,視神經纖維會發生變性、萎縮。

若已出現視力模糊之症狀時,極可能已經發生視網膜出血,微血管壁受損,以及局部視網膜缺血而顏色呈現死灰,甚至整個黃斑部視網膜水腫,以及視神經水腫等現象,此時便必須找眼科專科醫師檢查,視情況再安排進一步的視網膜螢光血管攝影檢查,以確定是否需要進行視網膜雷射治療,減少眼中風對視力所造成的影響及後遺症。一旦發生眼中風,即使經過治療,視力或多或少都會受損,甚至達成永久性的傷害,最重要的仍是控制血壓,預防眼中風的發生。

視網膜血管栓塞的預防
◎定期檢查視網膜,平時養成運動習慣、飲食清淡、每餐不宜過飽、充足睡眠、體重控制、情緒放鬆避免緊張、以及戒除菸、酒、檳榔等不良嗜好。
◎視網膜血管病變可以經由血壓的控制而獲得一定程度的改善,定期測量血壓,預防高血壓所可能導致的器官病變。
 

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