2025 WCTC都柏林宣言:菸害防制政策是保障與促進全球健康之關鍵
由世界衛生組織 (WHO) 直接指導的「世界控菸大會」(World Conference on Tobacco Control,簡稱WCTC),在歷經全球新冠肺炎疫情而暫停7年後重新啟動,2025年6月底在愛爾蘭都柏林舉辦。
開幕式上,大會以大型歌舞劇讚譽「MPOWER」(MPOWER為WHO執行「菸草控制框架公約(FCTC)」的六大策略),帶動來自全球逾百國、上千位的行動倡議、專家學者與公衛官員搖旗吶喊,萬眾一心力倡MPOWER。閉幕式則發表「都柏林宣言(Dublin Declaration)」,強調菸害防制在公共衛生的重要性,尤其對於保障與促進全球健康是最核心且不可或缺的一環。
【註】MPOWER 是世界衛生組織(WHO)協助各國政府落實「菸草控制框架公約(FCTC)」所提出的六項策略統稱。MPOWER 是六個英文單詞的首字母縮寫而成,分別代表:監測菸品使用及預防政策(Monitor)、保護人們免受菸品煙霧危害(Protect)、提供戒菸幫助(Offer)、警示菸品危害(Warn)、禁止菸品廣告、促銷及贊助(Enforce) 和提高菸稅(Raise)。

(開幕式大型歌舞劇讚譽「MPOWER」,帶動台下上千位與會者搖旗吶喊力促MPOWER。照片提供:臺大醫院郭斐然醫師)
由「衛健策略(Vital Strategies)」資深副總裁甘泉博士宣讀的「都柏林宣言」,提出菸害防制5大有效具體行動,包括「提高菸稅、加強制止菸草公司干擾政策、執行各種菸品廣告禁令、倡導控菸與環境保護議題以及加強菸害防制合作」,並呼籲,各國政府應加速落實WHO「菸草控制框架公約」中的各項措施以終結菸品流行。
與台灣董氏基金會創辦人-嚴道博士一起創辦「亞太拒菸協會(APACT)」的WHO菸害防制資深顧問Judith Mackay教授,對本屆在都柏林舉辦的世界控菸大會讚譽有加,不僅各個層面都堪稱精彩,尤其自上屆(2018年3月)在南非開普敦舉行大會,又經歷新冠肺炎疫情後的大家首度相聚,不僅感受到濃厚的情誼和活力,會議上幾乎一致反對電子煙,大力譴責菸草公司,並且看到有更多的青年人參與。

(WHO菸害防制資深顧問Judith Mackay教授(中)盛讚本屆大會個層面皆堪稱精彩。照片提供:Judith Mackay教授)
以下為衛生福利部國民健康署編譯「2025世界控菸大會都柏林宣言」中英文內容對照全文:
2025年世界控菸大會(WCTC):都柏林宣言
The World Conference on Tobacco Control 2025 - DublinDeclaration
全球菸品流行仍然是當今全球最嚴峻的公共衛生挑戰之一,而菸草產業持續積極行銷菸品及其他產品、對抗菸害防制政策、不斷推出有害且成癮性尼古丁新產品,這些均會威脅而削弱《世界衛生組織菸草控制框架公約》在過去20 年的成果。
The global tobacco epidemic continues to represent one of the biggest public health challenges of our times. The tobacco industry continues to market cigarettes and its other products aggressively, fight effective tobacco control policies, and is constantly introducing new harmful and addictive nicotine products, which threatens to undermine progress made in the 20 years since the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) entered into force.
每年可歸因於菸品的死亡人數仍超過700 萬人,且絕大多數為中低收入國家的人口;每年可歸因於菸品使用的健康照護支出與生產力損失超過2 兆美元,這不僅破壞永續發展,更進一步加劇貧窮、食安與勞動剝削等問題。
Tobacco use continues to kill over 7 million people each year, the overwhelming majority of which are in low and middle-income countries. It costs the world’s economies over US$2 trillion annually in healthcare expenditure and lost productivity, undermines sustainable development, and exacerbates poverty, food insecurity and labour exploitation.
面對當前全球的不確定性與不穩定局勢,我們不能忽視:菸害防制政策是作為保障與促進全球健康之核心且不可或缺的一環,且各項為了降低菸草使用而做的努力須持續且全面的納入全球健康與發展事項。為此,2025 年世界控菸大會呼籲世界各國政府加速落實《世界衛生組織菸草控制框架公約》中的各項措施以終結菸品流行,包括:
Against the backdrop of global uncertainty and instability, we cannot afford to lose tobacco control as a central, indispensable aspect of efforts to safeguard and improve global health, and efforts to reduce tobacco use must remain fully integrated into the global health and development agenda. To this end, we, the delegates of the World Conference on Tobacco Control 2025, call upon the governments of the world’s nations to accelerate the implementation of all measures in the WHO FCTC in order to end this epidemic by:
1. 優先提高特種消費稅(Excise tax)以降低所有菸品與非醫療用尼古丁產品的可負擔性,並運用由此產生的稅收建立菸害防制與其他健康促進措施的永續金融
Prioritising the increase of excise taxes to decrease the affordability of all tobacco and nonmedicinal nicotine products, establishing sustainable financing for tobacco control and other health promotion initiatives from revenue generated.(sustainable financing)。
2. 體認菸草產業是全球菸害防制進展的最大障礙。拒絕與菸草產業或有接受菸草產業資助的組織合作(互動),並追究菸草產業對其所造成危害之責任,包括透過法律行動尋求賠償。
Recognising the tobacco industry as the biggest barrier to global progress in tobacco control.Reject engagements with organisations working with, or funded by, the tobacco industry. Hold the tobacco industry liable for the harms it causes, including seeking compensation through legal actions.
3. 強化監測與執行,全面禁止所有形式的菸品廣告、促銷與贊助(包括娛樂與數位媒體中之菸草呈現)。
Strengthening the monitoring and enforcement of a comprehensive ban on all forms of tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship, including the depiction of tobacco in entertainment and digital media.
4. 須將菸草栽培、製造、分銷、使用及菸品與尼古丁產品消費後廢棄物(post-consumption waste)對於環境所造成的影響納入菸害防制與環境議題。
Incorporating into tobacco control and environmental agendas the need to address the environmental consequences of tobacco cultivation, manufacturing, distribution, use, and post-consumption waste from tobacco and nicotine products.
5. 與公民社會(civil society)、國際組織、教育機構合作,以保障民眾可達最高健康標準之基本權利為原則,支持落實全面性菸害防制措施。
Uniting with civil society, international organisations, and educational institutions to support the implementation of comprehensive tobacco control measures, guided by the fundamental human rights to the highest attainable standard of health. |